Our investigations into efficient molecular dynamics integration schemes have led to several new directions of research that may have broader implications to the general biological community. One of them is our work in developing new mathematical tools for computing and modeling lattice summations. Lattice sums are relevant to a number of fields in biology and physics. Two important applications are found in the evaluation of the electrostatic Coulomb interactions of charged atoms for molecular dynamics simulation and another is in the reduction of experimental data from crystallography studies. Ewald's method, developed in 1921, splits an infinite electrostatic summation over a periodic lattice into direct-space and reciprocal-space terms. In our work [Batcho & Schlick, 2001b], we have extended this concept in such a way that the splitting can be optimized to the modeler's detailed needs. One such example is in the isolation of all near-field pairwise interactions into the direct term, and all far-field interactions into the reciprocal term. This type of splitting is expected to have advantages in applications of multiple timestep schemes for biomolecular studies.




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